Journal Club
Nudging in the health sector: Ethical aspects
in: Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik, Autor: Marius Bartmann
Nudging uses various cognitive mechanisms to influence people’s decision-making processes so that they choose the option that is in their best interest anyway. A classic example is the conspicuous placement of healthy meals in the canteen, which is supposed to make employees choose the salad rather than less healthy alternatives. More recently, nudging measures have also been increasingly used in the health sector. Since health care is a very sensitive area where decisions of great consequence are made, nudging is particularly controversial here.
The third issue of the DRZE Journal Club provides an overview of selected current research articles and highlights the ethical implications of nudging measures in the health sector. [more]
Artificial human gametes (in vitro gametogenesis): Ethical aspects
in: Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik, author: Aurélie Halsband
To date, human gametes, i.e. sperm or egg cells, have not yet been generated in the context of human medical research on in vitro gametogenesis (IVG). However, the artificial genesis of human gametes is anticipated in the near future. The artificial creation of human gametes would not only fundamentally change reproductive medical procedures and legal definitions of parenthood, but also ethical reflections on reproductive autonomy and parental responsibility.
The second issue of the DRZE Journal Club offers an overview of selected current research articles from the period 2022 to 2023 and considers these anticipated upheavals from an ethical perspective. [more]
AI in medicine: Ethical aspects
in: Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik, author: Roman Wagner
Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly important role in our everyday lives. Medicine is one of the central areas in which AI systems are being applied and where ethical concerns are being raised. Various AI programs are already being used in medical practice today. For example, AI is being applied to examine radiological image material by automation. Modern AI systems are capable of identifying pathologies as well as generating diagnoses and prognoses. Although these technical possibilities are still at an early stage of development, astonishing successes are already being recorded today. At the same time, however, the use of AI poses serious risks, especially in medicine.
The first issue of the DRZE Journal Club offers an overview of selected current research articles that focus on the ethical viewpoints of this debate. [more]